Holocene climate variability in the western mediterranean region from a deepwater sediment record j. Six periods of warm winter climate in the cave region were identi. Examination of 50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 90008000, 60005000, 42003800, 35002500. Evaluating the significance of holocene submillennial. Preliminary results with dynamic vegetation braconnot et al. While the climate fluctuations in the north atlantic ocean and europe could be traced into the early and middle holocene, the climate of greenland as archived in the ice became seemingly stable.
It has also been known by many other names, such as altithermal, climatic optimum, holocene megathermal, holocene optimum, holocene thermal maximum, hypsithermal, and midholocene warm period this warm period was followed by a. In the northern hemisphere, holocene climate variability. Mayewski, and michal kucera the late bronze ageearly iron age transition in the eastern mediterranean about 1200900 bce coincided with one of the current interglacial holocene rapid climate. The holocene climate optimum hco was a warm period during roughly the interval 9,000 to 5,000 years bp, with a thermal maximum around 8000 years bp. Holocene climate variability in antarctica based on 11 icecore. Analysis of the most recent millennialscale holocene climate cycle, the. The lgm, approximately 21 000 yr ago, is a glacial period with large changes in the greenhouse gases, sea level, and ice sheets.
Complexity of holocene climate as reconstructed from a greenland ice core sr obrien, pa mayewski, ld meeker, da meese, ms twickler. Holocene climate variability in antarctica based on 11 ice. The noise intensity of the gisp2 data varies for different paleo climatic periods and is further affected by changing sampling rates. Less well understood is the cause of the centennial to millennialscale variability that characterizes the. In addition to the large contrast between early and late holocene regional climate conditions, multidecadal 2040 years salinity and temperature variability is an inherent part of the regions climate during. The next major challenge paul andrew mayewski, director, climate change institute, university of maine introduction prior to the early 1990s the concept of dramatic changes in climate characterized by onset and decay of less than a decade was suspected, but. Holocene climate variability and indian summer monsoon. Holocene climate variability in the western mediterranean region from a deepwater sediment record. Holocene climate variability in northeastern italy. The next major challenge paul andrew mayewski, director, climate change institute, university of maine introduction prior to the early 1990s the concept of dramatic changes in climate characterized by onset and decay of less than a decade was suspected, but definitely not demonstrated. General circulation modelling of holocene climate variability. Holocene climate variability in the eastern mediterranean, and the end of the bronze age.
These patterns of past climate variability are often related to changes in. Results from a series of goddard institute for space studies giss general circulation models gcms are used to assess climate variability in the preanthropogenic holocene, the interval following the end of the last glacial beginning roughly 11. Various terrestrial and marine records show that the holocene was marked by coherent patterns of climate variability at regional or global scale. The climate sensitivity of the community climate system model version 3 ccsm3 is studied for two past climate forcings, the last glacial maximum lgm and the midholocene. Although the climate of the holocene 11,500 cal yr b. Centennialscale holocene climate variability revealed by a. Climate of the past discussions, european geosciences union egu, 2016, pp. Holocene warming marked by abrupt onset of longer summers and. Domack and mayewski, 1999 due to the small amplitude of the holocene. Glacialinterglacial contrast in climate variability at centennialtomillennial timescales. Holocene climate variability on millennial scales recorded. A benthic foraminiferal stable isotope record from palmer deep amelia e.
Over the last decades, the mediterranean region has been the focus of studies carried out on the complex interactions between the north atlantic and north africa tropical cli. Holocene warming marked by abrupt onset of longer summers. Last glacial maximum and holocene climate in ccsm3. As a framework for the examination of holocene climate variability, we utilize the results of denton and karlen 1973 that show globally distributed changes in glacier extent. Holocene climate change of the region is summarized from proxy records. The climate sensitivity of the community climate system model version 3 ccsm3 is studied for two past climate forcings, the last glacial maximum lgm and the mid holocene. Multiproxy evidence of holocene climate variability from.
To detect major periods of holocene rapid climate change, mayewski et al. Meyerson a francoise gasse f shirley van kreveld g karin holmgren d julia leethorp h gunhild rosqvist d frank rack i michael staubwasser j ralph r. During last glacial period, natural climate cycles of 1500 years appear to be persistent bond and lotti, 1995 and remarkably regular mayewski et al. In particular, we focus on the forced aspects of this variability. The analogous rapid fluctuations in abundance of hdv10 were not synchronous to these climatic periods in the gz. University of maine office of research and sponsored programs. The origin of the 1500year climate cycles in holocene. It is widely accepted that climate variability on time scales of 10 3 to 10 5 years is driven primarily by orbital, or socalled milankovitch, forcing. Comparison between solar variability 10be measured in ice from south pole from bard et al.
Paleohydrology reconstruction and holocene climate. Bassem jalali, mariealexandrine sicre, mariaangela bassetti, n. Holocene climate variability volume 62 issue 3 paul a. Maasch 1climate change institute, university of maine, orono, me, usa 2school of earth and cliamte sciences, university of maine, orono, me, usa received 28 august 20. Holocene climate variability as derived from alkenone sea. Nasa goddard institute for space studies, new york, ny center for climate systems research, columbia university, new york, ny dept. This suggests that climate variability in northern italy was in. Department of agriculture, forest service, southern research station, center for integrated forest science and synthesis at north carolina state university, department of forestry and environmental resources, campus box 8008, raleigh, nc 27695. Climate change during the holocene past 12,000 years.
A depthage scale and an accumulation history for the holocene have been established on the greenland ice sheet project 2 gisp2 deep core, providing the most continuously dated record of annual layer accumulation currently available. Holocene climate variability in the northwestern mediterranean sea gulf of lions. Solar variability has been hypothesized to be a major driver of north atlantic millennialscale climate variations through the holocene along with orbitally induced insolation change. Kennett department of geological sciences and the marine science institute, university of california. Several intervals coincide with major disruptions of civilization, illustrating the human significance of holocene climate variability. Impact of holocene climate variability on lacustrine records and human settlements in south greenland t. Holocene climate variability quaternary research cambridge core. General circulation modelling of holocene climate variability gavin a. Holocene climate variability uw courses web server. We choose this record as our basis for investigation because it contains geographically broad evidence for change in holocene climate. Holocene climate variability request pdf researchgate. Holocene climate variability in the western mediterranean. The depthage scale was obtained with the use of various independent techniques to count annual layers in the core. At the continental scale, atmospheric circulation patterns are strongly influenced by semipermanent features of the atmospheric pressure fields in the.
The increase in variability in the midlate holocene could also be linked with the increasing occurrence of rapid climate change events globally mayewski et al. Standard time series analysis techniques and related soft. Holocene climate variability author links open overlay panel paul a. Siani et al paleohydrology reconstruction and holocene climate variability is an essential step to provide new insights for predictive climate models. Figure 2 also shows the marked reduction in variability of chemical concentration previously interpreted as a decrease in multi. Late holocene climate variability in the southwestern mediterranean region. Glacialinterglacial contrast in climate variability at. It has also been known by many other names, such as altithermal, climatic optimum, holocene megathermal, holocene optimum, holocene thermal maximum, hypsithermal, and mid holocene warm period. Figure 3 a,b, c, globes correlation between ice core glaciochemical series and ncepncar climate reanalysis data. Balascio, nl, dandrea, wj, bradley, rs 2015 glacier response to north atlantic climate variability during the holocene. Holocene climate variability in greenland ice core records 347 as usual, amplitudes are disturbed by noise. Although the dramatic climate disruptions of the last glacial period have received considerable attention, relatively little has been directed toward climate variability in the holocene 11,500 cal yr bp to the present.
The climate dice describing the chance of an unusually warm or cool season, relative to the climatology of 19511980, have progressively become more loaded during the past 30 years, coincident with increased global. Holocene climate and cultural evolution in late prehistoric. Maasch 1climate change institute, university of maine, orono, me, usa 2school of earth and cliamte sciences, university of maine, orono, me, usa. Holocene warming marked by abrupt onset of longer summers and reduced storm frequency around greenland p. Volcanic influence on centennial to millennial holocene. Although the dramatic climate disruptions of the last glacial period have received considerable attention, relatively little has been directed toward climate variability in the holocene 11,500 cal yr b.
Holocene climate variability is strongly controlled by the dynamics of atmospheric circulation 10 and, as a result, the spatialtemporal distribution of floods has changed with time fig. Recurring flood distribution patterns related to short. The holocene appears to be a steady climatic period in comparison with. Rahmstorf, 2003, yet the origin of this pacing during the holocene remains a mystery rahmstorf, 2003, making it one of the outstanding puzzles of climate variability. Holocene climate variability in the eastern mediterranean, and the end of the bronze age eelco j. Review cultural responses to climate change during the. Holocene climate variability on centennialtomillennial. Centennialscale holocene climate variability revealed by.
Another complication in understanding late pleistocene climate variations arises from the fact that the onset of dointerstadials appears to be paced by a. Holocene climate variability on centennialtomillennial time. Although the nature and mechanisms of these 75 abrupt climate changes still remain unclear, weakening in the thermohaline circulation. A highresolution oxygen isotope record from a speleothem in southwestern ireland provides evidence for centennialscale. The holocene climate history showed three stages of natural climate oscillations in the baltic sea region.
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